Session Index

Future large-scale radio telescope array observatories, such as the next-generation Very Large Array, involve extremely large collection areas of antenna. These collection areas are divided into smaller panel segments, which typically require their own uniquely shaped molds to manufacture. For these projects to be cost-effective to support the science community, efficient fabrication and flexible metrology of the many differently-shaped freeform panels are needed. This paper summarizes the development of an adaptive freeform panel molding technology that greatly improves manufacturing efficiency due to its repeatable and reusable nature

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In optical microscopy system, dynamic remote focusing is achieved by adjusting the defocus term of Zernike polynomials. With developed model-based adaptive optics (AO), we can further compensate the aberrations in addition to remote focusing. Compared with the way by moving the objective or the sample by mechanical stages. our system can change the focus position rapidly up to about ±40 μm. The other aberrations can be estimated and corrected by the model-base AO in 2 ms. The results have shown that the heat disturbance can be compensated while maintaining the remote focusing ability.

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In this paper, a non-orthogonal multi-segment reflector headlight structure is proposed to improve the longitudinal stray light caused by the horizontal gap of orthogonal multi-segment reflector headlights.

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We demonstrate a single-element achromatic polarization rotator based on a dual-frequency chiral liquid crystal that can achieve continuously 0° to 180° linear polarization modulation. The angle of linear polarization rotation can be modulated by applying an electric field in different strength and frequency, and it has low dispersion in the whole visible spectrum and maintains a high degree of linear polarization. To verify the mechanism, the simulation of the optical polarization modulation and the director of the liquid crystal is also presented in this this study. This design has great potential in technologies based on polarization.

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The ray-tracing method is used to simulate the floating image of symmetric square column array and the results show that the structure with the bottom of the supporting plate has stronger intensity of floating image and the structure with the symmetric structure can suppress the stray light more capable.

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This article discusses the influence of different materials on the reflector cup. We analyze the samples made of ABS, PMMA, and Al. The reflector cup will be curved due to thermal stress, which will lead to an increase in the brightness of the dark area of the regulations in even more severe cases, it will cause glare and fail to pass regulations. The analysis standard will determine whether the reflector cup performs well through the K-mark regulations of the bicycle lamp.

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Airborne particles (PM2.5) may spread through the atmosphere and enter the lungs leading to serious health problems. By merging hyperspectral imaging (HSI) with deep learning, a broad-based, inexpensive approach for identifying air pollution is designed. The picture captured by the drone camera is enhanced by modeling the visible-light HSI technology. In order to identify the visual characteristics of air pollution, 3D Convolutional Neural Network Auto Encoder and principal components analysis (PCA) are combined with VGG-16 (Visual Geometry Group). The images are categorized as good, moderate, and severe. According to the findings, the PCA +VGG-16 has the best average classification accuracy.

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This paper proposes a new head-mounted device evaluation system, which uses a large-amplitude wavefront detector to measure the MR device, and uses program control to change the position of the light field. Finally, various information such as light intensity and aberration of the light source are obtained.

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Metalens is constructed of an artificial structure with a subwavelength period. It starts by growing GaN on the sapphire substrate and then spin-coated positive photoresist. Metalens pattern is transferred onto photoresist by an exposure process with EBL, and 50 nm thick nickel film is deposited on the sample. Subsequently, the photoresist is removed by the lift-off process. Finally, we employ the top-down approach to accomplish high-aspect-ratio GaN nanopillars. Our measurement setup combines with a twisted nematic liquid crystal to demonstrate the focusing ability of metalens to observe the light image focused by metalens in different polarized incident lights.

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Optical dispersion could severely affect pulse duration in ultrashort pulse laser. Therefore an accurate dispersion measurement and temporal pulse shaper is demonstrated for pulse compression. The present study proposes a 4-f deformable mirror (DM) pulse shaper integrated with spatial spectral interferometer (SSI) and SEA TADPOLE (spatially encoded arrangement temporal analysis by dispersion a pair of light e-field). The voltage vectors of DM are identified based on optical phase slope variation and are implemented with closed-loop PI controller. The experiment results show that the dispersion mode can be identified , and the identified modes shows great linearity with DM voltages squared.

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In this research, we demonstrate metalenses for collimation with different deflection angles. Because of the reversibility of the optical path, we use the reverse structure of imaging, i.e., several dipole sources placed on the focal point in front of metalenses. The divergent angles of the nearly collimated beams are more than plane waves by about +-0.15 degrees at full-width at half-maximum (FWHM), and the efficiencies are all above 70%.

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An optical module based on a liquid crystal (LC)-in-cavity structure is proposed for a miniature near-infrared spectrometer. By alternately coating dielectric materials on a glass substrate to form a multilayer film and allowing such two identical dielectric mirrors coated with conductive layers to sandwich a LC defect layer, defect modes within the photonic bandgap (PBG) can be generated. The wavelengths of the transmitted peaks of the defect modes can be manipulated by AC voltage. Because of the small volume, easy fabrication and low cost, this PBG structure characterized by tunable defect modes is an outstanding candidate for miniature spectrometer development.

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TBA

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Color and brightness are human perceptions, not physical quantities like spectrum or energy.
International standards play an important role in quantifying color and brightness.
Various types of chromatic measuring instruments can output colorimetric values in accordance with international standards.
This presentation will give examples of how various color measurement instruments are used in real industries and introduce the latest progress of instruments.
Finally, the friendship between the optical societies of Taiwan and Japan will be mentioned.


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The preliminary cavity based on UVC LEDs with dimensions of 30 × 30 × 30 cm was designed and fabricated to aid in reducing black spots on bananas with the aim of application in the factory conveyor belts. The UVC irradiance distribution was thoroughly monitored for many sections at different box heights in both simulation and measurement. In vivo conditions, the optimal UVC dose is proposed from 0.030 to 0.045 kJ/m2 for the one-time treatment when considering the upper surface of bananas. The cavity promises to bring a lot of application potential to aid banana preservation in factories and households.

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The ultrafast laser processing is an essential technique for micro/nano fabrication. The photochemical reaction is initialized by nonlinear two-photon absorption inside the focal volume of the objective. Together with the three-axis laser scanning mechanism, three dimensional (3D) and complex microstructures could be developed by two-photon lithography (TPL). However, TPL would suffer the refractive index change during laser processing and result inaccurate structure. This paper presents the laser processed SU-8 structures exhibit two-photon fluorescence which intensity is varied with different exposure dose. The reconstructed 3D fluorescence information could thus assist laser scanning path correction during laser processing.

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The design of this headlight is different from the common headlight designs on the market. We try to concentrate the energy on the upper edge of the light shape and the regulatory area and design the upper edge of the light shape to have several secondary strong points similar to the upper edge of the light shape. The shape is wide and narrow at the bottom, and the one-dimensional cylindrical lens array structure is used to extend the light shape horizontally. The superposition of energy creates a light shape with high contrast and can simultaneously meet multiple regulatory requirements.

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Instead of moving the mechanical stage for axial scanning, the wavefront of the laser beam is modulated to effectively move the laser focus. In this paper, a deformable mirror (DM) with tip-tilt compensation is placed at angle of 45 degree with the optical axis so that the reflected laser power efficiency can be maximized due to no beam splitter is required. We have shown the defocus can be successfully performed with the combination of Zernike polynomials even if the DM is not orthogonal to the optical axis. The results are confirmed with home-made Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (SHWS).

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A data-driven system identification is implemented to estimate the dynamic model of a tracked vehicle in farm as a state-space linear model for model predictive control (MPC). Compared with conventional MPC with a kinematic model, the computation time of MPC with the identified linear model is saved more than 2/3, and the tracked vehicle with this control approach has achieved superior S-curve and L-shape path following.

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In this study, we investigate the characteristic difference between the two different configurations of the three-dimensional shell-core nanorod LED. We achieve a degree of polarization of 0.545 for tip-free core-shell nanorod LED and 0.188 for tip core-shell nanorod LED by combining the three dimensional (3D) structure LED with photonic crystal. These 3D LEDs may pave the way for future novel optoelectronic components.

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The multiphoton excited fluorescence microscopy adopts ultrashort pulse laser together with a high numerical aperture (NA) objective to induce nonlinear optical effects. But the laser pulse pass through many dispersive elements making pulse width wider, so we have developed a laser pulse compressor with a deformable mirror (DM) to compensate the optical dispersion. The FROG (frequency-resolved optical gating) is used to obtain a spectrogram and DOES (direct optical-dispersion estimation by spectrogram) algorithm would estimate the GDD (group-delay dispersion) in real time. The proposed adaptive ultrashort pulse compressor finally is integrated with home-mode two-photon microscope to improve its fluorescence efficiency.

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Recently, DLP 3D printing has advantages of high resolutions, low cost, and easy operation. However, this technology still exists several technical difficulties that need to be solved. Due to the structure of the LCD, the morphology of the printed sample reveals pixel texture defect under SEM image, which leads to surface irregularity. This research has redesigned the internal LCD system of the 3D printer. The newly designed LCD system has largely alleviated the texture defect caused by the dark zone between pixels. The results successfully demonstrated a nearly perfect surface printed by the modified LCD system without scarifying print resolution.

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Algebraic algorithms are derived for solving aspheric singlets and cemented doublets. Singlets can meet the targets of focal length, spherical aberration, and central coma; cemented doublets can even meet the longitudinal chromatic aberration. Examples are demonstrated, including a DVD-rewritable pickup head singlet and a cemented doublet in a telescope system.

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Using refractive optical elements to first collimate the light emitted by the LED and process the optical design. Then the cylindrical lens array can effectively spread the light pattern in the horizontal direction, homogenize the energy, and suppress the dark area more effectively, which helps shape the high-contrast light patterns.

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Defects in compound semiconductors may decrease the performance of the devices. In this study, we demonstrated the new defect detecting method on silicon carbide (SiC) wafer using multiple swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) systems with different central wavelengths, including 1060 nm, 1310 nm, and 1690 nm. The location, distribution, and size of defects in silicon carbide (SiC) wafer were analyzed quantitatively using the volumetric OCT datasets of the SiC sample acquired.

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This paper presents the design of a freeform lens that can convert a Gaussian distributed beam to a specific irradiance while maintaining high collimation. The construction of the lens is based on a numerical method derived from Snell's law.

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We establish a laser-scanning annealing system in a microscope to improve the optical properties of a polycrystalline Au film. The results of material characterizations show that the uniformity of crystallographic orientation of (111) of annealed Au film and the grain growth is improved. Additionally, the corresponding optical density (OD) and the extinction coefficient of the annealed film are significantly reduced in the NIR regime, owing to the decrease in the loss of free electrons’ scattering at the grain boundary. In addition, the integrity of the treated film is kept intact without pinholes, usually produced by conventional thermal annealing.

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The Shack-Hartmann Wavefront Sensor is calibrated through a three-dimensional coordinate system and a rotating platform with a dual-axis precision optical encoder, and the relationship between the point spread function and the incident angle is established for each Micro Lens Array (MLA), In terms of software, the High Dynamic Range (HDR) can reduce the impact of CMOS Sensor noise on the measurement. And verify the accuracy of the Shack-Hartmann Wavefront Sensor.

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The errors generated during the production of medium and large size lenses make the aberrations around the lens too large to be measured with an interferometer. In this study, a wavefront sensor and field lens were used to complete the lens aberration measurement.

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Space optical telescopes use complex surfaces to reduce total optical elements but maintain high-quality images. Modern space mirrors can be evaluated by computer-generated holograms and null lenses to assess such kinds of highly accurate surfaces. This paper proposed a cost-effective interferometric technique to examine an elliptical aspherical surface and its measurement of the conic constant was 0.43. The result indicates that this technique can be a potential method used to evaluate aspheres for space optical telescopes in the near future.

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We demonstrate a fiber-tip refractive index (RI) sensor based on a double-side open Fabry-Pérot interferometer (FPI). Very high RI sensing sensitivity of 1127 nm/RIU can be observed. Additionally, experimental results indicate that the gas pressure sensitivity is as high as 25.5 pm/psi with a very low temperature sensitivity of −0.29 pm/℃. The FPI cavity has two opens to realize very short response time and recovery time of 42ms and 104ms, respectively.

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This study proposes an ultra-thin mini-LEDs array with quantum dots film white light backlight module to achieve excellent quality and uses deep reinforcement learning (DRL) architecture for optical design. In the DRL architecture, to solve the computing environment problems of the multiple parameters of the module, this study proposes an environment control agent and virtual-realistic workflow to ensure that the design environment parameters are highly correlated with experimental results.
We successfully designed a mini-LED backlight module with 82.1% uniformity performance and the design calculation time required by the DRL method is only 36% of the traditional optical simulation.


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In the past, the waveguide electroabsorption effect has generally been used as an
intensity modulator for quasi-monochromatic light, such as lasers. Here, we study how this
effect affects polychromatic light spectra. We find that for light with a Gaussian distribution
spectrum, the spectral peak shift (red shift or blue shift) can be controlled by the magnitude of
the applied voltage This result can be used as a data transmission scheme at the integrated
chip level or in free space. It may offer a good option for some other light sources.

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An innovative speckle interferometer based-on common-path (CP) design is proposed in this study. By using the design concept of CP, the reference and measurement beams of the proposed interferometer would suffer from similar disturbances. Surrounding disturbances can then be compensated in the interference signal making the proposed speckle interferometer much with high system stability for measurements of displacement and angle.

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This paper uses a right-angle prism and 5MP COMS sensor in the optical system design that prism thickness is defined as the mechanism size, and study and analyze imaging quality for the environment temperature

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Shack-Hartmann Wavefront Sensor (SH-WFS) is widely used in various fields. The measurement principle is sample the wavefront through the microlens array, and obtain the slope through the center of gravity of the spot, so as to reconstruct the wavefront. Using centroid method ignores the spot deformation caused by the high-frequency wavefront. Therefore, the advantages and disadvantages of the Gerchberg-Saxton Algorithm (GSA) and Linearized Focal-Plane Technique (LIFT), simulate the situation encountered in practical applications, verify the accuracy of the algorithm through simple experiments, and analyze the more suitable technology. and choose the most suitable one.

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A high speed 300 MHz sine wave gating single-photon detection is proposed. To obtain the optimal single-photon detection parameters, different experimental parameters and working conditions are used to analyze these parameters. In this study, the InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode working in Geiger mode for single-photon detection is based on sine wave gating scheme. Impressive results in low dark-count rate of 21.27 kHz, high single-photon detection-efficiency of 14.6 %, and low after-pulsing of 9.83 %, and low time jitter of 1.357 ns were obtained under the operation temperature of -30 ºC, excess biasing of 1.9V, and gated-frequency of 300 MHz.

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A deep learning algorithm is proposed for active alignment of diffractive optical element (DOE) assembly. The approach utilizes a residual convolutional neural network (ResNet) to perform a direct pose estimation from a given measurement, which indicates the misalignment effect. The network was trained with diffraction patterns labeled the corres-ponding poses in 5 degrees of freedom (5-DOF). In our experiment, 5-DOF poses could be predicted and a range of ±180 µm in translation was confirmed with prediction errors 6.930 µm in Y-axis and 6.035 µm in X-axis, respectively.

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Ion beam figuring (IBF) can be used to fabricate highly accurate and low surface textures for highly accurate optics. In this paper, this advanced technology is being developed and primary results were commented on the fixed-point polished process on B270 optical glasses. The nearly Gaussian profile of removal with low roughness demonstrated that this process can be constructed for a full processing process.

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We propose a dual-band multilayer interference filter to improve image contrast. The interference filter stack was designed as (Ta2O5/SiO2)4Ta2O5. We used electron-beam evaporation with ion-assisted deposition to prepare single-band and dual-band notch filters. The proposed notch filter of two wavelengths was respectively coated on the double-sided glass substrate. The 9-layer notch filter was evaluated by using USAF 1951 pattern and a CMOS camera, the image contrast ratio can be improved from 0.607 to 0.759. Besides, the residual stress value is −294.08 MPa for the single-band notch filter and 8.11 MPa for the double-sided coating notch filter (dual-band), respectively.

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This paper analyzes Fresnel lenses with different numerical apertures and thicknesses to find the best solution to improve their optical efficiency. At the end of this paper, with simulation analysis and experiments, a method that can effectively enhance optical efficiency is obtained and only cause a slight decrease in focus energy (less than 5%). This result is an improvement in focusing ability.

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This paper presents the effect of optical notch filters on contrast sensitivity in patients with dry eye syndrome at different spatial frequencies. The parameters of contrast sensitivity are measured by using sine wave contrast test (SWCT). The dual wavelength notch filter has a significant anti-glare effect, which is used to reduce glare obstacles or discomfort and provide better visual quality. The results show that the center wavelength of 620 nm multi-layer notch filter has better contrast sensitivity at mid- and low frequencies, meanwhile, the center wavelength of 480 nm notch filter has the best performance at high spatial frequency.

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Vibration is a mechanical phenomenon where by oscillation occur about an equilibrium point. Vibration can be desirable: for example, the motion of a tuning fork, the reed in a woodwind instrument or harmonica, a mobile phone, or the cone of a loudspeaker.
In many cases, however, vibration is undesirable, wasting energy and creating unwanted sound. Such vibrations could be caused by imbalances in the parts.
In this paper, vibration is tested by measuring the change of light power of two experiments under the same environmental conditions and the same input light power.



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The Pseudo non-diffraction beams with the properties of narrow lateral spot and almost constant intensity axial distribution is carried out, and applied to the thin film drilling of NIR laser ablation technology. The experimental result shows that the pseudo nondiffraction beam can improve the sidewall angle of drilled material.

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The hyperspectral imager was expensive in the market, but some of researches need to previous study and budget limited. In this article the lightweight pushbroom sacanning hyperspectral imager was below 150g, it spectral range of 400~1000nm, suitable for generally hyperspectral and fluorescence application. Here we use plastic grating film and lenses for the instrument to achieve a low lost, without high order sorting filter and lower consume of electric power, and easily and portably operated in the ground field .

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This study is to simulate the effective power distribution in the tilted aspherical prescription lenses at different tilt angles. The results show that the simulated effective power changes are in good agreement with the measured data, which verifies the correctness of the design approach and is suitable for the simulation of tilted lenses.

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The optomechanical behavior of multiple gold nanoparticles (GNPs) induced by a circularly polarized Bessel beam with orbital angular momentum (OAM) is studied. The trajectories of GNPs show that they are driven by Bessel beam to perform specific orbital motions. This is because that the OAM of the structured light is transferred to GNPs by the light absorption and scattering. The orbital radius of these GNPs depends on the wavelength and cone angle of Bessel beam. These rotating GNPs exhibit different stable patterns, depending on the number of GNPs and the initial conditions.

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This study presents an optical system equivalent to a linear phase retarder with arbitrary phase retardation and can be rotated by applying an electrical signal to two liquid crystal variable retarders. The optical system configuration is only composed of three polarization elements in a round-trip configuration. Moreover, this system can be employed as a variety of polarization elements having properties of linear anisotropy.

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This paper studies how to select RGB laser diodes to ensure uniformity of the light source, first by adjusting the number of RGB laser diodes to produce the ideal white point chromaticity coordinates and second using a corrugated light pipe to achieve the resultant uniformity. Compared with a smooth light guide, a corrugated light guide can not only provide better uniformity, but also, for the same uniformity, be shorter in the length than the smooth light guide.

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This manuscript proposes the optical design of a light field objective lens with 4× magnification which can be adopted in the 3D automated optical inspection (AOI) by integrating co-axial illumination and an array of micro-lenses.

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Lock-in thermography is a powerful non-destructive and non-contact detection technology for detecting the heat source of a sample. By measuring the temperature field on the surface of a sample, the position and depth of an internal point heat source can be estimated based on the amplitude and phase of the temperature field measured.

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This article outlines the optical path design process of the transceiver system, designs the receiving and transmitting optical path system, and conducts simulations to derive the divergence angle and ray tracing diagram.

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We analyze the spin-orbit interaction of a Bessel beam interplaying with a gold nanoparticle (GNP); the structured light possesses spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM). When GNP is illuminated by Bessel beam, the spin and orbital rotations of GNP can be induced. The former is induced by the absorption of Bessel beam’s SAM by GNP, and the latter is caused by the transfer of OAM from Bessel beam into GNP. The rotation direction of the orbital motion of GNP, CCW or CW, depends on the sign of the order of Bessel beam.

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This research aims to design a shortwave ultraviolet (UV) sterilization system. Combined with innovative 3D printing, including reflector cup design, micro surface structure, physical steam deposition, optic simulation, and its modular application. UVC-LED germicidal light source to sterilize influenza virus The lethal dose of influenza virus radiation is 4000µm/cm^2 and the distance within 1 cm to 2 cm can achieve rapid sterilization effect.

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In optical system, optical aberrations induced by optics imperfection, environment, and inhomogeneity in specimen would degrade the system performance. To build a real time adaptive optics system for aberration compensation, the fast responsive deformable mirror (DM) is adopted as the active compensator. However, the channels coupling in DM make the controller is difficult to design. In this paper, the control voltage vectors for DM to generate 15
orthogonal Zernike modes are successfully identified using multi-region modeling method. The generated Zernike modes are shown to have great linearity and are suitable for multichannel linear controller design in adaptive optics.

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The KT90 is a CubeSat camera project led by NSPO. During assembly, the alignment of the M3 off-axis asphere is challenging because its position is difficult to be evaluated. This paper proposed a modeling and predictive method to guide a relatively optimized M3 position.


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In this research, a differential interference contrast microscope (DICM) was proposed to inspect dynamic images of Noctiluca scintillans. This paper demonstrates the configuration, inspection concept, experimental setup, and experimental results of the proposed DICM. The proposed DICM is based on the theory of shearing interferometry and algorithm of one-shot four–step phase-shifting technique. The experimental results agree the DICM’s capability of living Noctiluca scintillans.

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Despite advances in thermoelectric power generation, near-room-temperature waste heat recovery remains challenging due to minor temperature differences. In order to recover heat waste efficiently, this work utilizes daytime radiative cooling in combination with thermoelectric technology. Further, a hierarchical micro-nano h-BN/ZnO composite (MNHZC), with an outstanding daytime radiative cooling ability and moderate thermal conductivity, is designed. It has high thermoelectric power generation levels and enhanced thermoelectric power. Due to the device's attractive energy generation capability, it has great potential for recycling low-grade waste heat and harvesting environmental energy.

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We utilized a coarse wavelength division multiplexing technique over the integration of optical communication and fiber sensor systems. The optical communication and fiber sensor network combination is a cost-effective, flexible, simple structure, and better for both urban and rural areas. The experiment result proves that the proposed system achieves good performance to transmit both optical communication and sensing signals.

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The purpose of present study is to provide a design proposal for CubeSat scientific payload of auroral observation application. A visible band aurora imager is designed for capturing satellite-based dynamic auroral activity. According to the requirements of science and optical design, the aurora imager has a focal ration of F/1.6, a field of view of 14° × 7° and a spatial resolution of 1.5 km/pixel. The lens dimensions compact close to 1U for the requirements of CubeSat. The materials and structure of lens are considered for long-lived in the space environment and during launching.


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Long exposure to blue enriched white light might damage eyes, which can be minimized by lowering the brightness and blue emission. There have been several approaches to reduce the potential blue hazards. We had investigated the eye protection effectiveness upon wearing anti-blue glasses under white light and using blue light-less candlelight OLED in text reading. We found that both approaches were effective with an eye protection index (EPI) of 16 for the former approach and 52 for the latter. The EPI can be enhanced from 16 to 50 as a color-conversion film was coupled under the white light desk lamp.

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Analyze lens refractive index, Abbe number and dispersion relationship, refractive index and temperature relationship, chemical properties, thermal properties, relative price, etc. Analysis of the imaging quality of the lens and the manufacturing and assembly tolerances of each lens.

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Previous paper introduced the robotic arm equipped with a new tool to polish optics. In this paper, the technology focused on numerical modeling. Experimental measurements show a sweeping ‘W’ path over the workpiece and the results have been used for predicting the material removal of a linear tool path.

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In this work, we use a non-contact optical and fast method to detect the surface topography of free-form lens and aspheric lens, we build up an interferometer by using penetrating/reflecting optical interferometric technology to detect the lens, and compare the simulation results with each other. It is hoped to achieve real-time detection and further develop a non-contact detection system for monitoring the quality of free-form lens.

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A simple molecular design strategy is proposed to provide three highly efficient Ir(III) phosphorescent emitters based on 2-phenylpyridine (ppy)-type ligands. The ppy ligands are modified with electron-withdrawing functional groups, resulting in tunable emission colors. As a result, we observed that our proposed device with electroluminescence emission wavelengths of the devices can determine in the range of 544 nm to 625 nm.

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A new designed totally internal reflection (TIR) lens with 50W white light LED is proposed to serve as the counter beam light (CBL) for the road lighting in tunnels. By means of optics design software SPEOS to process the TIR lens optimization, it is demonstrated that the optimized LED light can act as a qualified CBL to accomplish CIE 88:2004 regulated tunnel lighting through LiteStar software.

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Modern in the security, surveillance, and national defense markets, long-range infrared (IR) imaging plays an increasingly important role in monitoring, tracking, and targeting, the worldwide market for IR systems for commercial and dual-use security and surveillance applications are estimated to grow in the word.

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A surface profilometry measurement system was built along with a co-axial scanning colorimetric thermal imaging system which were both integrated to a powder bed laser selective melting (SLM) system. The automation of the two systems that may achieve on-line profilometry and thermal imaging were designed and implemented. Basic electronic and optical test were conducted, showing precisely the designed electronic signal flow and preliminary results. Further experiments are planned to validate the automated profilometry and thermal imaging during the SLM fabrication.

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This paper uses LightTools software as illumination simulation tools to design a light emitting diode (LED) lighting diffuser with various micro lens arrays. The optical model of refractive optical elements (ROE) for color homogeneity is built. The beam shapes of single and double sided micro lens arrays with circular and hexagonal lenslets are simulated and analyzed in the far field. The double sided micro lens arrays with non-periodic lenslets are employed as microstructures for the diffuser and optimized their placement. The paper provides the possibility of achieving color mixing for the design of a LED diffuser and general lighting.

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In this paper, the Intel RealSense D455 depth camera is used to shoot six different object moving directions and calculate the average speed of the object and the image, and then use the measured average speed of the object and the calculated average speed of the object to calculate the amount of error between the two and analyze the cause of the error. The errors of the average speed of the final six experiments are all less than 6%。

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Intravenous injection is a common demand in hospitals. In recent years, the clinical care work of medical staff becomes more and more burdensome. This work is connected with Wi-Fi, remote monitoring platform and cloud database to reduce the workload of nurses and their families. Nurses and their families can know for the first time that the drip in the infusion kit titration room has been completed, thus reducing the burden on the medical staff. At the end of intravenous injection, the needle was removed immediately to reduce discomfort and damage to the intravenous injection site.

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In this study, a low f-number, wide-angle capsule endoscope lens based on an aspheric lens is proposed, which has a field of view (FOV) of 130°, an F-number of 2.0, and a modulation transfer function(MTF) of more than 0.3 at a spatial frequency of 178 lp/mm, and the optical distortion ≦ 30%. To sum up, the proposed lens system can obtain excellent image quality.

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In this work, a single-axis galvanometer scanner using two galvanometers is proposed as a new approach to laser micromachining technology. The additional second galvanometer is used to manipulate the output laser beam of the first galvanometer to enhance the telecentric error correction and improve the beam quality to meet international standard ISO 11145:2018.

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To keep the unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) following the predetermined path in specific agricultural field environment and coping with the uncertainty of the surroundings, path following and obstacle avoidance are the capabilities that is needed. In this study, we combine model predictive control with deep deterministic policy gradient to ensure UGV tracking on the reference path, meanwhile achieved collision avoidance by generating a new local path through several previous deep reinforcement training when observing the obstacle during the dynamic process.

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This research combined a depth measuring sensor Kinect v2 with a pneumatic muscle body-weight support system to reduce the rehabilitation system cost. The Kinect v2 was adopted for capturing the coordinates of human bodies, and required gait parameters after calculated. Then, a training method that required participants to project their footprints was proposed. To verify the reality and functionally of the system, the effects of gaits under natural walking, footprint guidance, and body-weight support system on gait with or without feedback control were compared. The results demonstrated that the system could provide better stability and symmetry of gaits for participants.

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Quartz has many remarkable characteristics such as piezoelectricity nature, high frequency. Quartz has been used in micro-sensors and MEMS applications, Comparing dry and wet etching techniques of quartz, the cost of dry etching has more preferable profile control but is much more expensive than the wet etching. To fabricate the structures, chromium and gold thin film is evaporated on the AT-CUT quartz substrate and patterned as etching masks. The sample is then etched in ammonium fluoride solution of saturated concentration and BOE solution at 45℃ respectively. The etched profiles are observed using SEM to establish etching rate in AT-cut quartz.

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Heartbeat varies throughout the day, which is strongly affected by the ambient light. After dusk, it should slow down gradually and significantly, provided there is no artificial light interference. However, reading at night has almost become a routine for students. Little was known about the effect of lighting with or without blue emission on heartbeat after dusk. We had hence performed a preliminary study to investigate the same and found that the heartbeat could be reduced by 20% from 6 to 9 p.m. as a blue light-less candlelight OLED was used, while only 10% under a white light.

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Black-board is a typical teaching aid facilitating lessons giving in schools. Viewing clarity should however be ensured always, otherwise eye fatigue might easily occur. Black-board with a green color was thought to be more friendly than the typical ‘black’-board. We found that ‘black’-board had actually provided better viewing clarity. Taking subjects sitting at 9m away for example, recognizable font-size was 49pt for black-board, while 75pt for green-board under a 240 lx reaching-eye illuminance, showing the ‘black’-board to have a 53% better viewing clarity.

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In this study, we discuss the slot antenna array fed by microstrip-line with liquid crystal phase shifter operating at 60GHz. We observed the far-field radiation beam can be swept for 11 degrees and can be further increased by using the meander delay line.

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In order to reduce the risks and accidents in life, the development of sensors is extremely important. Compared with traditional electronic sensors, fiber-optic sensing is relatively small in size and has high accuracy. In this paper, Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensor based on the Fabry-Perot (FP) Filter technique is proposed and experimentally demonstrated, which increases the feasibility and is highly efficient in the optical system. Moreover, a deep learning technique is proposed to increase the correctness of estimating the sensing signal of the FBG sensor system.

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Bright sunlight might damage eyes. Long exposure to blue light enriched backlight of 3C products might also impose threats. To protect, wearing photochromic lens has become an option. However, none had been reported about their eye protection effectiveness (EPI). We had found that the EPIs ranged between 2 to 6 for a series of photochromic lenses upon exposing to a 17,000lx daylight. They showed no protection effectiveness, indoors, in filtering the screen blue light. In contrast, an orange lens counterpart showed a 30 EPI under the same daylight and a 27 EPI in computer blue light screening.

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We demonstrate electrically tunable twisted nematic (TN) aligned liquid crystal (LC) Terahertz Quarter-Wave Plate (THz-QWP) and Full-Wave Plate (FWP) with a novel structure, in which a single LC composite polymer thin film is inserted in the middle of the LC cell. Using this design, the phase shift has been increased by 14.3° at 1.2 THz in comparison to the conventional design (98.1°). The threshold voltage has been lowered from 0.81V to 0.48V while the driving voltage for QWP operation has been reduced from 8.4V to 6.3V at 1.2 THz.

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A practical algorithm based on numerical analysis technique was proposed for modeling the optical spectra with heavy noises from photo detectors to extract useful information. Our preliminary result indicated that the exact timing as the light-emitting device initially turned on can be mathematically determined from our algorithm.

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According to the consumer market demand for air purification, let us know that there is an urgent need for the miniaturization of the Photocatalytic air purification system in the current market. Therefore, we have designed and developed a set of miniature Photocatalytic modules, which are not only small in size but can be used in series. Furthermore, it can evenly irradiate the spherical particles coated with titanium dioxide, and efficiently filter formaldehyde in the air through the Photocatalytic reaction.

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In order to meet the long eye relief requirement of ocular optical system, a type of eyepieces with long exit pupil distance were designed. The system parameters of the eyepieces designed for 0.5 inch OLED micro display were under the premise that the diameter of 8 mm exit pupil, 32 mm exit pupil distance, the focal length 23.89 mm and 30° field of view (FOV) was realized. The results show that MTF of eyepieces are higher than 0.3 for all fields of view at the frequency of 35lp/mm and the distortion of all fields are low than 0.5%.

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The group delay dispersion (GDD) would disturb the pulse width of the ultrafast laser and affects the laser power concentration. The GDD induced in optical system might vary dynamically when the temperature or optics are changed. In order to compensate the dynamic dispersion change. A linear deformable mirror-based pulse compressor is developed to compensate the dispersion in real time. With the FPGA-based digital PI (proportional-integral) controller, the GDD compensation can be improved to 100 Hz control loop and the GDD can be converged in 5 time steps.

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The study used special lamps with different structures to generate concentrated light patterns of LED lamps of different wavelengths to disinfect the soil. Moreover, the simplification of the sterilization framework in the past is environmentally friendly and efficient, which is conducive to farmers' large-scale commercial purchase and use.

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Multiple-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) emitters have several advantages, such as high quantum yields, narrow emission profiles, and deep blue emission. We optimized the electroluminescence performance of the MR-TADF emitter by using an exciplex co-host emissive layer configuration. As a result, the optimal device can achieve a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 20.60 % and a luminance of ~ 10370 cd m-2 at 8V.

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By designing the light pattern into three obvious bright spots and reduce the connection area between the reflector segments, the designed headlamp can meet K-mark regulation with an extreme-high contrast.By designing the light pattern into three obvious bright spots and reduce the connection area between the reflector segments, the designed headlamp can meet K-mark regulation with an extreme-high contrast.

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